Your goal
Classify permission, obligation and prohibition, then state the prohibited action and its location.
Check what comes before 안 돼요. A machine not working and a rule prohibiting an action are different.
Before you start
- 금지
- an action is not allowed
- 통화하다
- talk on the phone
- 음식
- food
- 학습실·휴게실
- study room · lounge
- 마시다 → 마셔요
- drink
- 적다 → 적어요
- write down
- 조용히
- quietly
- 음식·전화
- food · phone/call
Explore the situation
Fictional facility notice
Study room and lounge notice
Read the place, people and time together.
- Study room
학습실에서 사진을 찍지 마세요.
Photography is prohibited in this study room.
- Study room
학습실에서 통화하면 안 돼요.
Do not make calls inside this study room.
- Lounge
휴게실에서 물을 마셔도 돼요.
Drinking water is permitted in the lounge.
- Form
신청서에 이름을 적어야 해요.
A name is required on this fictional form.
Learn the expressions
To state a prohibition, use -(으)면 안 돼요. Add -면 after a vowel or ㄹ, and -으면 after other final consonants: 가면, 먹으면, 찍으면, 열면.
| Form | Example |
|---|---|
| -(으)면 안 돼요 | 학습실에서 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요. |
| -지 마세요 | 학습실에서 사진을 찍지 마세요. |
| 통화하다 → 통화하면 / 통화하지 | 학습실에서 통화하면 안 돼요. / 통화하지 마세요. |
Read the conversation
Ask about taking photos
학습실에서 사진을 찍어도 돼요?
Show meaning
May I take photos in the study room?
아니요. 학습실에서 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요.
Show meaning
No. You must not take photos in the study room.
Phone-use instruction
여기에서 통화하지 마세요.
Show meaning
Please do not talk on the phone here.
네. 어디에서 통화해도 돼요?
Show meaning
Okay. Where may I talk on the phone?
Build a sentence
Change the card details and try a sentence before revealing the example. Then assemble the sentence pieces.
Change the facts and express them
Compare photo statements
Permission
- Sentence
- 사진을 찍어도 돼요.
Example and explanation
사진을 찍어도 돼요.
You may do it; it is not required.
Obligation
- Sentence
- 사진을 찍어야 해요.
Example and explanation
사진을 찍어야 해요.
In this comparison card, it is required.
Prohibition
- Sentence
- 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요.
Example and explanation
사진을 찍지 마세요.
The same prohibition is expressed in another form.
Sentence-piece practice
1. State the study-room photo ban.
Sentence pieces
- 에서
- 을
- 안 돼요.
- 학습실
- 사진
- 찍으면
2. Ask someone not to talk on the phone here.
Sentence pieces
- 에서
- 마세요.
- 여기
- 통화하지
Practice
Choose a response that fits the situation using the expressions you learned.
1. What does 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요 mean?
- Taking photos is prohibited
- Taking photos is required
- Taking photos is permitted
2. Restate a phone-call ban.
- 통화해야 해요.
- 통화하지 마세요.
- 통화해도 돼요.
3. Classify 이름을 적어야 해요.
- Permission
- Prohibition
- Obligation
4. Classify 휴게실에서 물을 마셔도 돼요.
- Permission
- Prohibition
- Obligation
Try a new situation
Use the new role information. Write the required details in Korean and try saying them.
Classify six notices
Write Permission, Obligation or Prohibition beside each sentence.
여기 앉아도 돼요.
____________________
신청서에 이름을 적어야 해요.
____________________
학습실에서 사진을 찍지 마세요.
____________________
휴게실에서 물을 마셔도 돼요.
____________________
오늘까지 신청서를 내야 해요.
____________________
학습실에서 통화하면 안 돼요.
____________________
Tasks
Try the tasks first, then compare with the answers and examples in step 10.
1. New classroom: food is prohibited. Use -(으)면 안 돼요.
Show a hint
Use the pattern and keep the supplied information.
2. Restate the same ban with -지 마세요.
Show a hint
Use the pattern and keep the supplied information.
3. This classroom requires a name on the form. State the obligation.
Show a hint
Use the pattern and keep the supplied information.
4. Staff confirmed that water is allowed in the lounge. State the permission.
Show a hint
Use the pattern and keep the supplied information.
5. You do not know where calls are allowed. Ask which place permits them. End your question with a question mark (?).
Show a hint
Use the pattern and keep the supplied information.
Check your learning
Read the new conditions and distinguish the key information.
1. New notice: 교실에서 음식을 먹지 마세요. Which is equivalent?
- 교실에서 음식을 먹어도 돼요.
- 교실에서 음식을 먹으면 안 돼요.
- 교실에서 음식을 먹어야 해요.
2. Which prohibition form follows 먹다?
- 먹면 안 돼요.
- 먹어도 돼요.
- 먹으면 안 돼요.
3. The photo ban specifies the study room. The lounge rule is unknown. What should you do?
- 휴게실에서 사진을 찍어도 돼요?
- 휴게실에서는 꼭 사진을 찍어야 해요.
- 모든 곳에서 사진을 찍어도 돼요.
4. “안내문에 이름을 적지 마세요.” What should you do?
- Discard all forms
- Do not write your name on that notice
- Be sure to write on that notice
5. Which tells someone not to open the window?
- 창문을 열어도 돼요.
- 창문을 열었어요.
- 창문을 열지 마세요.
6. Which describes a malfunction rather than a rule?
- 난방이 안 돼요.
- 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요.
- 통화하지 마세요.
Reflect on your reading
Tick only what you actually checked. Feedback from another person is optional and is not required to finish the lesson.
Answers and explanations
Show answers and explanations
Practice questions
1. What does 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요 mean?
Answer: Taking photos is prohibited
The action is not allowed.
- Taking photos is required — It does not mean must do.
- Taking photos is permitted — It is not permission.
2. Restate a phone-call ban.
Answer: 통화하지 마세요.
하지 마세요 also tells someone not to do it.
- 통화해야 해요. — This makes it obligatory.
- 통화해도 돼요. — This grants permission.
3. Classify 이름을 적어야 해요.
Answer: Obligation
Writing the name is required.
- Permission — This is not merely permission.
- Prohibition — It does not prohibit writing.
4. Classify 휴게실에서 물을 마셔도 돼요.
Answer: Permission
It permits water in the lounge.
- Prohibition — It is not a ban.
- Obligation — It does not require drinking water.
Learning check
1. New notice: 교실에서 음식을 먹지 마세요. Which is equivalent?
Answer: 교실에서 음식을 먹으면 안 돼요.
It preserves the ban on eating.
- 교실에서 음식을 먹어도 돼요. — This changes it to permission.
- 교실에서 음식을 먹어야 해요. — This changes it to an obligation.
2. Which prohibition form follows 먹다?
Answer: 먹으면 안 돼요.
Use -으면 after final ㄱ.
- 먹면 안 돼요. — 으 is required here.
- 먹어도 돼요. — This gives permission.
3. The photo ban specifies the study room. The lounge rule is unknown. What should you do?
Answer: 휴게실에서 사진을 찍어도 돼요?
Ask about places outside the notice’s scope.
- 휴게실에서는 꼭 사진을 찍어야 해요. — No photo-taking duty exists.
- 모든 곳에서 사진을 찍어도 돼요. — It did not allow every place.
4. “안내문에 이름을 적지 마세요.” What should you do?
Answer: Do not write your name on that notice
적지 마세요 means do not write.
- Discard all forms — No instruction about other papers was given.
- Be sure to write on that notice — This reverses the prohibition.
5. Which tells someone not to open the window?
Answer: 창문을 열지 마세요.
It uses -지 마세요.
- 창문을 열어도 돼요. — This permits opening it.
- 창문을 열었어요. — This reports a past event.
6. Which describes a malfunction rather than a rule?
Answer: 난방이 안 돼요.
This says the heating does not work.
- 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요. — This is a photo prohibition.
- 통화하지 마세요. — This prohibits phone calls.
Example answers
Written responses are examples. Other wording can also meet the same conditions.
1. New classroom: food is prohibited. Use -(으)면 안 돼요.
교실에서 음식을 먹으면 안 돼요.
음식을 교실에서 먹으면 안 돼요.
먹으면 안 돼요 expresses the ban.
2. Restate the same ban with -지 마세요.
교실에서 음식을 먹지 마세요.
음식을 교실에서 먹지 마세요.
Make it an instruction not to act.
3. This classroom requires a name on the form. State the obligation.
신청서에 이름을 적어야 해요.
신청서에 이름을 써야 해요.
Writing on the form is required.
4. Staff confirmed that water is allowed in the lounge. State the permission.
휴게실에서 물을 마셔도 돼요.
물을 휴게실에서 마셔도 돼요.
State water and the correct room.
5. You do not know where calls are allowed. Ask which place permits them. End your question with a question mark (?).
어디에서 통화해도 돼요?
어디서 통화해도 돼요?
Do not invent an allowed location.
Classify six notices
Write Permission, Obligation or Prohibition beside each sentence.
여기 앉아도 돼요.
Permission · It grants permission to sit.
신청서에 이름을 적어야 해요.
Obligation · Writing the name is required.
학습실에서 사진을 찍지 마세요.
Prohibition · This prohibits taking photos.
휴게실에서 물을 마셔도 돼요.
Permission · Drinking water is permitted.
오늘까지 신청서를 내야 해요.
Obligation · Submission by the deadline is required.
학습실에서 통화하면 안 돼요.
Prohibition · Phone calls in the study room are prohibited.
Sentence-piece practice
1. State the study-room photo ban.
학습실에서 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요.
State the action and place.
2. Ask someone not to talk on the phone here.
여기에서 통화하지 마세요.
Use 하지 마세요 from 하다.
Review and continue
Come back to these
Recall with the example closed
Classify permission, obligation and prohibition, then state the prohibited action and its location.
Change one detail
Change a person, action or time and make two sentences.
Combine with earlier expressions
Make a short exchange with a question and response.
Review what felt difficult
Review this expressionUnderstand prohibitions →Earlier learningReconnect the foundation →Look separately at activity completion and core learning results.